Sunset Science Series

A Paediatric Update on Brain Development and HMO’s

https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_SIXPpIkgQLmPmbt18yoh0A
Pediatrics Nutrition Health & Wellness

Dr Hauser and Dr Sprenger gave enlightening presentations on brain development  and Human Milk Oligosaccharides  (HMO’s).


The resources below support the following statements from the presentations. Watch the video now


Early life is a key windows of opportunity to modulate brain development and nutrition is one of the external modulator of early brain development
Early life dietary intake of HMOs, specifically 2’-Fucosyllactose, 3’Sialyllactose and 6’Sialyllactose) have been shown to be associated with development of cognitive functions and have an impact on brain structural development
Multiple maternal factors can modulate breastmilk levels of specific HMOs, among which diet has been identified
Mechanisms of action hypothesized to mediate the HMOs effects on neurodevelopment are:

  1. Microbiota composition and metabolites
  2. Vagal tone
  3. Brain gene expression

 

HMOs added to infant formula are generally well tolerated and safe, show promising results to support immune competence development, largely through the gut microbiome
A 5-HMO blend was clinically shown to support:

  • age-appropriate growth and to be well tolerated
  • development of the intestinal immune system and gut barrier function
  • age-appropriate gut microbiome maturation, including enhanced growth and activity of bifidobacteria with B. infantis and reduced abundance of toxigenic Clostridioides difficile.
     
Dr Jonas Hauser

Dr Jonas Hauser

 Dr Norbert Springer

Dr Norbert Sprenger

Topics covered:

Topics covered:

CLINICAL STUDIES

Willemsen et al. 2023 Nutrients | Free Full-Text | Fucosylated Human Milk Oligosaccharides during the First 12 Postnatal Weeks Are Associated with Better Executive Functions in Toddlers (mdpi.com)

Berger et al. 2022 Associations of Human Milk Oligosaccharides with Infant Brain Tissue Organization and Regional Blood Flow at 1 Month of Age (nih.gov)

Jorgensen et al 2020 Associations of human milk oligosaccharides and bioactive proteins with infant growth and development among Malawian mother-infant dyads - PubMed (nih.gov)

Ferreira et al. 2021 Associations Between Human Milk Oligosaccharides at 1 Month and Infant Development Throughout the First Year of Life in a Brazilian Cohort - PubMed (nih.gov)

Oliveros et al 2021 human-milk-levels-of-2-fucosyllactose-and-6-sialyllactose-are-positively-associated-with-infant-neurodevelopment-and-are-not-impacted-by-maternal-bmi-or-diabetic-status.pdf (henrypublishinggroups.com)

Cho et al. 2021 Human milk 3’-Sialyllactose is positively associated with language development during infancy | The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Berger et al. 2020 Human milk oligosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose links feedings at 1 month to cognitive development at 24 months in infants of normal and overweight mothers - PubMed (nih.gov)

GUT MICROBIOTA IN EARLY LIFE

Tsukuda et al. 2021 ISME Journal https://doi.org/

Korpela and de Vos, Current Opinion in Microbiology 2018 https://www.sciencedirect.com/

Shao et al., Nature 2019 https://www.nature.com/

Kim et al. 2019 Current Allergy and Asthma Reports https://link.springer.com/

Vissing et al. 2018 Pediatrics https://publications.aap.org/

Magne et al. 2017, Frontiers in Pediatrics https://www.frontiersin.org/

Kim et al. 2018 Allergy Asthma Immunol Res https://synapse.koreamed.org/

Rassmusen et al. 2018 Diabetes Obes Metab. https://www.ingentaconnect.com/

Zimmerman et al. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Feb;143(2):467-485. https://www.frontiersin.org/

Garcia-Maurino Alcazar et al. 2022 Lancet Microe 3:e867-80 https://www.sciencedirect.com/

PRECLINICAL STUDIES

Pisa et al. 2023 Long-term consequences of reduced availability and compensatory supplementation of sialylated HMOs on cognitive capabilities - PubMed (nih.gov)

Hauser et al. 2021 Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides program cognitive development through a non-genomic transmission mode - PubMed (nih.gov)

Clouard et al. 2021 Dietary sialylated oligosaccharides in early-life may promote cognitive flexibility during development (wur.nl)

Pisa et al. 2021 Exposure to 3′Sialyllactose-Poor Milk during Lactation Impairs Cognitive Capabilities in Adulthood

Fleming et al. 2021 Mediation Analysis to Identify Links between Gut Bacteria and Memory in Context of Human Milk Oligosaccharides

Fleming et al. 2020 Dietary Oligofructose Alone or in Combination with 2'-Fucosyllactose Differentially Improves Recognition Memory and Hippocampal mRNA Expression.

Fleming et al. 2020 Human and Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides Elicit Improved Recognition Memory Concurrent With Alterations in Regional Brain Volumes and Hippocampal mRNA Expression

Sutkus et al. Influence of 2'-Fucosyllactose and Bifidobacterium longum Subspecies infantis Supplementation on Cognitive and Structural Brain Development in Young Pigs - PubMed (nih.gov)

Oliveros et al. 2016 and Vazquez et al. 2016 Oral supplementation of 2'-fucosyllactose during lactation improves memory and learning in rats - PubMed (nih.gov) and Dietary 2’-Fucosyllactose Enhances Operant Conditioning and Long-Term Potentiation via Gut-Brain Communication through the Vagus Nerve in Rodents (plos.org)

Obelitz-Ryom et al. 2019 Bovine Milk Oligosaccharides with Sialyllactose Improves Cognition in Preterm Pigs - PMC (nih.gov)

Tarr et al. 2015 The prebiotics 3'Sialyllactose and 6'Sialyllactose diminish stressor-induced anxiety-like behavior and colonic microbiota alterations: Evidence for effects on the gut-brain axis - PubMed (nih.gov)

Jacobi et al. 2016 Dietary Isomers of Sialyllactose Increase Ganglioside Sialic Acid Concentrations in the Corpus Callosum and Cerebellum and Modulate the Colonic Microbiota of Formula-Fed Piglets - PubMed (nih.gov)

Mudd et al. 2017 Dietary Sialyllactose Influences Sialic Acid Concentrations in the Prefrontal Cortex and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Measures in Corpus Callosum of Young Pigs - PubMed (nih.gov)

Fleming et al. 2018 Dietary Sialyllactose Does Not Influence Measures of Recognition Memory or Diurnal Activity in the Young Pig - PubMed (nih.gov)

Sakai et al. 2006 Effects of Feeding Sialyllactose and Galactosylated N-Acetylneuraminic Acid on Swimming Learning Ability and Brain Lipid Composition in Adult Rats (jst.go.jp)

Oliveros et al. 2018 Sialic Acid and Sialylated Oligosaccharide Supplementation during Lactation Improves Learning and Memory in Rats - PubMed (nih.gov)

Vazquez et al. 2015 Effects of a human milk oligosaccharide, 2'-fucosyllactose, on hippocampal long-term potentiation and learning capabilities in rodents - PubMed (nih.gov)

OBSERVATIONAL STUDIES WITH BREASTFED INFANTS

Davis et al. (2017) Scientific Reports 7:40466 https://link.springer.com/

Stepans et al. (2006) Breastfeed Med 1:207 https://www.liebertpub.com/

Morrow et al. (2004) J of Pediatrics 145:297; https://www.sciencedirect.com/

Newburg et al. (2004) Glycobiology 14:253; https://academic.oup.com/

Paganini et al. (2019) Nutrients https://www.mdpi.com/

Binia et al. 2021 mSphere https://journals.asm.org/

Sprenger et al. Eur J Nutr. 2017; 56:1293 https://link.springer.com/

Korpela et al. 2018 Scientific Reports 8:13757; https://www.nature.com/

Seppo et al. 2017 JACI https://www.jacionline.org/
 

INTERVENTION TRIALS WITH HMOS

Puccio et al. 2017 JPGN; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5378003/

Martin and Tytgat et al. 2022 Frontiers in Nutrition (mechanism linked to Puccio et al trial) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9386273/

Dogra et al. Microorganisms (2021) (mechanism linked to Puccio et al trial) https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/9/1939

Vandenplas et al. 2022 Nutrients https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/3/530

Bosheva et al. 2022 Frontiers in Nutrition (5HMO trial) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9298649/
 

PRECLINICAL MODELS

Li-Jung Kang, Scientific report 2020;  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9298649/

Castillo-Courtade L et al. (2015) Allergy. 70:1091 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/all.12650

Fukuda et al. Nature 469, 543–547(2011); https://www.nature.com/articles/nature09646

Antunes et al. Nature Comm 10:3273 (2019); https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-11152-6

Takeuchi et al. Nature 595, July22 (2021) https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03727-5
   

More on Gut Microbiome

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